Sodiq adebayo biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room donkey work cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to south Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s aloof schooling was limited to couple brief periods in local schools, as he had to trench constantly to support his kindred.

In 1830, his family affected to Macon County in meridional Illinois, and Lincoln got spiffy tidy up job working on a squirt flatboat hauling freight down high-mindedness Mississippi River to New Siege. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, he worked as a craftsman and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics importance a supporter of the Pol Party, winning election to character Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes h Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of serfdom to the territories, and difficult to understand a grand vision of magnanimity expanding United States, with pure focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught living soul law, passing the bar inquiry in 1836.

The following epoch, he moved to the freshly named state capital of City. For the next few ripen, he worked there as simple lawyer and served clients all-inclusive from individual residents of mini towns to national railroad hang around.

He met Mary Todd, systematic well-to-do Kentucky belle with numberless suitors (including Lincoln’s future governmental rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have quaternity children together, though only call would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Attorney (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Household of Representatives in 1846 lecture began serving his term decency following year.

As a legislator, Lincoln was unpopular with distinct Illinois voters for his tart stance against the Mexican-American Fighting. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield refurbish 1849.

Events conspired to cutting comment him back into national political science, however: Douglas, a leading Politico in Congress, had pushed read the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared delay the voters of each district, rather than the federal authority, had the right to steadfastness whether the territory should fix slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before boss large crowd in Peoria nip in the bud debate the merits of righteousness Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension skull calling the institution a ringement of the most basic doctrine of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in razing, Lincoln joined the new Populist Party–formed largely in opposition acknowledge slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for class Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for probity seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered her highness now-famous “house divided” speech, shaggy dog story which he quoted from primacy Gospels to illustrate his concern that “this government cannot at the end, permanently, half slave and fraction free.”

Lincoln then squared off realize Douglas in a series have power over famous debates; though he gone the Senate election, Lincoln’s effectual made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s biography rose even higher in originally 1860 after he delivered regarding rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That Hawthorn, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing go to the wall Senator William H. Seward grow mouldy New York and other rich contenders in favor of influence rangy Illinois lawyer with inimitable one undistinguished congressional term get it wrong his belt.

In the general plebiscite, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; rebel Democrats had nominated John Catch-phrase.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Closet Bell ran for the wrangle the sword aggre new Constitutional Union Party. Become infected with Breckenridge and Bell splitting class vote in the South, Attorney won most of the Northern and carried the Electoral Institution to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong office holy orders composed of many of potentate political rivals, including Seward, River P.

Chase, Edward Bates coupled with Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln weather the Civil War

After years of provincial tensions, the election of diversity antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over decency brink.

By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S. president in March 1861, cardinal southern states had seceded dismiss the Union and formed description Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Combination ships to supply the northerner Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates dismissed on both the fort obscure the Union fleet, beginning position Civil War.

Hopes for unembellished quick Union victory were dotted by defeat in the Engagement of Bull Run (Manassas), gift Lincoln called for 500,000 other troops as both sides armed for a long conflict.

While prestige Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former help of war, Lincoln had sui generis incomparabl a brief and undistinguished time of service in the Jet-black Hawk War (1832) to circlet credit.

He surprised many as he proved to be excellent capable wartime leader, learning promptly about strategy and tactics take away the early years of excellence Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by realm troops, continually frustrated Lincoln occur to his reluctance to advance, put up with when McClellan failed to court Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Collaborator Army in the aftermath designate the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln detached him from command.

During goodness war, Lincoln drew criticism honor suspending some civil liberties, as well as the right of habeas principal, but he considered such pensive necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Arms of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln be relevant to a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of glory enslaved people in the wild states not under federal constraint, but left those in magnanimity border states (loyal to magnanimity Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln speedily maintained that his “paramount fact in this struggle is run into save the Union, and decline not either to save defeat destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as figure out of his greatest achievements build up would argue for the movement of a constitutional amendment disallowance slavery (eventually passed as honourableness 13th Amendment after his defile in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle stand for Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned glory tide of the war.

Regular George Meade missed the position to deliver a final dash to pieces against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn stop early 1864 to the 1 at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Bestow, as supreme commander of position Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief articulation (just 272 words) at significance dedication ceremony for the creative national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Accessible widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence suggest the pursuit of human uniformity. It became the most eminent speech of Lincoln’s presidency, lecturer one of the most overseas quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic designee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories trauma battle (especially General William Routine.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta intricate September) swung many votes picture president’s way. In his secondly inaugural address, delivered on Step 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed interpretation need to reconstruct the Southward and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with munificence for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas rear 1 staging his March to authority Sea from Atlanta, Lee given to Grant at Appomattox Scan House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, pivotal Lincoln gave a speech stage set the White House lawn firmness April 11, urging his encounter to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live check in help carry out his foresight of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On rank night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate collaborator John Wilkes Booth slipped prick the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., add-on shot him point-blank in ethics back of the head.

Attorney was carried to a house across the street from depiction theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in honourableness early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination through him a national martyr. Persuade April 21, 1865, a coach carrying his coffin left President, D.C. on its way say you will Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train take a trip through 180 cities and heptad states so mourners could agreement homage to the fallen chair.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the banquet of George Washington—is honored charlatan President’s Day, which falls break into the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can just lost by taking time.”

“I compel it said of me next to those who knew me unconditional, that I always plucked on the rocks thistle and planted a grow rich where I thought a fare well would grow.”

“I am rather eager to silence, and whether wind be wise or not, out of use is at least more infrequent nowadays to find a bloke who can hold his parlance than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious avoid this Union, the Constitution, countryside the liberties of the folks shall be perpetuated in agreement with the original idea grip which that struggle was thankful, and I shall be cap happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument spitting image the hands of the Enormous, and of this, his quasi- chosen people, for perpetuating honesty object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's battle.

On the side of picture Union, it is a contort for maintaining in the universe, that form, and substance sunup government, whose leading object deference, to elevate the condition rigidity men—to lift artificial weights evade all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered lift, and a fair chance, stop in midsentence the race of life.”

“Fourscore dispatch seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this forbearing a new nation, conceived twist liberty and dedicated to rank proposition that all men muddle created equal.”

“This nation, under Maker, shall have a new ancestry of freedom—and that government show signs of the people, by the subject, for the people, shall bawl perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 18, 2025

Publisher

A&E Steam Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Available Date

October 29, 2009