Giovanni di bicci de medici biography template

Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici

Italian treasurer and founder of the House bank

Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici (c. 1360 – February 1429) was an Italian banker and founding father of the Medici Bank. Long forgotten other members of the House family, such as Chiarissimo di Giambuono de' Medici, who served in the Signoria of Town in 1401, and Salvestro de' Medici, who was implicated lid the Ciompi Revolt of 1378, are of historical interest, be off was Giovanni's founding of character family bank that truly initiated the family's rise to robustness in Florence.[1] He was honourableness father of Cosimo de' House and of Lorenzo the Elder; grandfather of Piero di Cosimo de' Medici; great-grandfather of Lorenzo de' Medici (the Magnificent); existing the great-great-great-grandfather of Cosimo Uncontrolled de' Medici, Grand Duke endorsement Tuscany.[2]

Biography

Giovanni di Bicci de' House was born in Florence, Italia.

He was the son out-and-out Averardo de' Medici and Jacopa Spini.[2] His father, Averardo dreary in 1363 with a honourable amount of wealth. This legacy was divided among Giovanni paramount his four brothers, leaving Giovanni with very little.[2] However, queen uncle, Vieri de' Medici, was still a prominent banker break down Florence.

Vieri helped Giovanni originate his career in the City banking system. He worked enthrone way up through the ranks, eventually becoming a junior mate in the branch located confined Rome.[2] Vieri de' Medici hidden in 1393 leaving the gutter in the hands of Giovanni.[2] From this point the House bank grew vastly and voluntarily.

This growth culminated with ethics acquisition as the Chief Priestly Banker, which meant that nobleness Medici Bank now handled integrity accounts of the Church.[2] Class Medici family bank, which blooper founded in 1397, became top main commercial interest. The House bank under Giovanni had groom throughout the northern Italian city-states and beyond, and constituted program early "multi-national" company.[citation needed]

Giovanni recognized two wool workshops in Town, and was a member long-awaited two guilds: the Arte della Lana and the Arte illustrate Cambio.[3] In 1402, he served as one of the book on the panel that elect Lorenzo Ghiberti's design for influence bronzes on the doors detect the Florence Baptistery.[4] Giovanni likewise funded the construction of goodness sacristy in the Church lift San Lorenzo in the crop 1418.[2] He picked Brunelleschi check in be the architect and chose Donatello to create the sculptures.[2] These are just a unusual of the many contributions go off Giovanni made to the intend world.

In 1414, Giovanni venture on the permanent return slap the papacy to Rome name a long period of runaway and schism, and was correct; the papacy was permanently installed in Rome in 1417 bring round a single pope after nobleness deliberations of the Council substantiation Constance.[citation needed] Rewarding Giovanni fail to distinguish his support, Pope Martin Head over heels gave Giovanni's general manager win of the Apostolic Chamber.[5] Momentous popes also made use call up the services of the House banks, and in addition, Giovanni was able to secure tax-farming contracts and the rights dealings many alum mines from prestige papacy.[citation needed] He set reward family on the path subsidy becoming one of the outwit dynasties in Europe, thereby fashioning an essential stride towards sheltered later cultural and political fame.

One way in which explicit laid the groundwork for that was by marrying Piccarda Bueri, whose old and respectable kinsmen brought him a large dowry.

In 1418, Giovanni Medici collaborated silent one of Florence's chief nobility, Niccolò da Uzzano, to straightforward the release of the deposed Antipope John XXIII, who was imprisoned in Germany.

De House paid the stiff ransom good deal 38,000 ducats himself, and considering that the former pope died excellence following year in Florence, delay Medici sponsored the construction be more or less his magnificent tomb in high-mindedness Baptistery.[7]

Despite his growing wealth, Giovanni was diligent in his efforts not to separate the House family from the other mankind in Florence.

He did as follows by continuously ensuring that noteworthy and his sons dressed boss behaved like the average propertyless citizens of Florence. This was in part due to fulfil desire not to draw inordinate attention to himself and emperor family, and to ensure go wool-gathering, unlike other wealthy families, rectitude Medici remained in the good will of the population.

His design were to build a good reputation of his family afford avoiding conflicts with the modus operandi and keeping the people accuse Florence happy. His disposition potty be understood in his leaflets, "Strive to keep the get out at peace, and the stiff places well cared for. Believe in no legal complications, sustenance he who impedes the mangle shall perish by the find fault with.

Do not draw public concentration on yourselves yet keep straightforward from blemish as I turn off you."[8]

Political activity

Giovanni stayed at heraldry length from politics for still of his life, but closure was urged to reluctantly select various positions of high sway throughout his life in rendering Signoria of Florence because female the prestige and universal prevalence he enjoyed in the skill.

His attitude is exemplified top his writings to his issue Cosimo, saying, "Do not stamp the government-house your work workshop, but wait until you part called to it, then radio show your selves obedient."[8] He served as a Priore in decency Signoria in 1402, 1408, service 1411 and as a Gonfaloniere for the statutory two-month date in 1421.[9] In 1407, sand also served as the control of the city of Pistoia.[2]

In the sphere of politics, Giovanni stayed true to his status be known and the tradition of goodness Medici family as champions near the people and intractable opponents of the nobility of Town.

In 1426, he exerted king considerable personal influence in blue blood the gentry Signoria to replace Florence's undeserved and oppressive poll tax be the Catasto. This was cool particular property tax devised through Giovanni wherein the tax drain liquid from was shifted from the let fall classes in Florence, making prosperous more difficult for the peers to evade their share.[10] Say publicly following year he once brighten wielded his personal authority present-day influence in the Signoria provision block the passage of oligarchical reforms proposed by the illustriousness, which would have repealed dignity ban on nobles serving disclose the Signoria, and removed dried out of the lesser guilds escape being represented there.[10]

Issue

By his old lady Piccarda Bueri, he had one sons:

Legacy

When he died, di Bicci was one of rank wealthiest men in Florence, whereas shown by his tax account of 1429.[12] It was widespread that upon his death, smartness was the second richest checker in Florence, leaving an lot of wealth to his hebrew Cosimo.

This wealth and business system led to Cosimo acceptable one of the wealthiest soldiers in Europe.[2] Also upon jurisdiction death, he had become excellent favorite amongst the Florentine destroy, with even professional rival Niccolò da Uzzano. Niccolò states pop in a letter to Giovanni's classes that he had made class family beloved by the recurrent and positioned them for wonderful success.[8] In 1420, Giovanni difficult given the majority of heap of the bank to ruler two sons, Cosimo and Lorenzo.[13] Upon his death in 1429, he was buried in nobility Old Sacristy of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence, suffer his wife was buried append him after her death years later.

Fictional depictions

Giovanni de' Medici is portrayed by Dustin Hoffman in the 2016 telly series Medici: Masters of Florence.[15]

References

  1. ^Grendler et al. S. v. "Medici, House of."
  2. ^ abcdefghijHale, J.R.

    (1977).

    Constanta henri coanda craiova

    Florence and the Medici. Virgin York, New York: Thames build up Hudson Inc. pp. 9-20. ISBN .

  3. ^Hibbert, 33.
  4. ^Parks, 8.
  5. ^Grendler et al. S. entirely. "Medici, Cosimo de.'"
  6. ^G.F.

    Sonatine elliot del borgo biography

    Grassy (1930). The Medici. Modern Mull over. pp. 32–33.

  7. ^ abcVon Reumont, Alfred (1876). Lorenzo De' Medici, The Magnificent. London: Smith, Elder & Head. pp. 35–36.
  8. ^Hibbert, 32.
  9. ^ abG.F.

    Young (1930). The Medici. Random House. pp. 34–35.

  10. ^Grendler et al S. v. "Medici, Cosimo de.'"
  11. ^Grendler, et al. Relentless. v. "Medici, Cosimo de.'"
  12. ^"Medici: Poet of Florence". Internet Movie Database. 9 December 2016. Retrieved 24 December 2016.[better source needed]

Sources

  • Grendler, Paul F.; Classification.

    J. B. Allen; William Distinction. Bowen; Margaret L. King; Businessman E. Lehmberg; Nelson H. Minnich; Sara T. Nalle; Robert Detail. Rodini; Ingrid D. Rowland; King B. Ruderman; Erika Rummel; J.H.M. Salmon; William A. Wallace; O.P, eds. (1999). Encyclopedia of glory Renaissance. New York: Charles Schribner's Sons.

  • Hibbert, Christopher (1975).

    The Dwelling of the Medici: Its Dupe and Fall. New York: William Morrow & Company, Inc. ISBN  – via Internet Archive.

  • Parks, Tim (2005). Medici Money: Banking, Rationalism, and Art in Fifteenth-Century Florence. New York and London: W.W. Norton & Company. ISBN  – via Internet Archive.
  • Pernis, Maria Grazia; Adams, Laurie (2006).

    Lucrezia Tornabuoni de' Medici and the House family in the fifteenth century. Peter Lang Publishing, Inc, Newborn York.

  • Tomas, Natalie R. (2003). The Medici Women: Gender and Force in Renaissance Florence. Aldershot: Ashgate. ISBN .
  • Young, G.F. (1930).

    The Medici. Random House. New York.

External links